For example, the People For The Ethical Treatment Of Animals (PETA) wrote an article regarding the Animal Welfare Act and its inefficiency in protecting lab animals. 1. The requirements of the Animal Welfare Act are set forth under the Regulations and Standards in the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR). Learn. Along with the physical atrocities that humans are forcing these vulnerable animals into, humans are also isolating them from their own kind, confining them in barren cages, and thus traumatizing them for the rest of their lives. The, Food Security Act of 1985. A practical approach to animal welfare law lays out the central. With respect to a dog, the term means all dogs including those used for hunting, security, or breeding purposes (see section 1.1 for definition). Millions of animals are killed per year due to animal testing, so is this practice worth banning? Section 2.8 Notification of change of name, address, control, or ownership of business. (a) General. 3.87 (f)). A strong advocate of animal rights is the People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals or PETA. law as well as criminal and human rights law. Many different animals are used in scientific studies such as rabbits, mice, primates, dogs, cats, pigs, and cows. From Subchapter A--Animal Welfare, 9 C.F.R. (Sect.2.76 (a)(1)-(8)). In a first of its kind, the Government has today published an action plan for animal welfare that will revolutionise the treatment of animals in the UK and . (d) "A dealer who acquires a live dog or cat from another dealer must obtain from that dealer the certification required by paragraph (b) of this section and must attach that certification (including any previously attached certification) to the certification which he or she provides pursuant to paragraph (b) of this section (a photocopy of the original certification will be deemed a duplicate original if the dealer does not dispose of all the dogs or cats in a single transaction)." Should the activity not meet the definition of field study it is NOT exempt from this requirement. All of these factors are expected to be made public in order to display a credible and successful scientific experiment (Kilkenny et al. The Animal Welfare Information Center (AWIC) was mandated under the AWA's 1985 amendment, 'Improved Standards for Laboratory Animals Act'. A copy of such certificate shall accompany the shipment to its destination and shall contain the information required in section 3.35 (c)(1)-(4). The welfare test, as applied to intra-family disputes, is found in Part I of the 1995 Act. Regulations to promote welfare Licensing and registration 13. For centuries, animal testing has been used in the medical research field, however many are now beginning to question whether it is ethical. 2. Written contingency plans must be submitted to and approved by the AC Deputy Administrator regarding emergency sources of water and electric power in the event of failure of the primary sources, when such failure could reasonably be expected to be detrimental to the good health and well-being of the marine mammal housed therein." Humane animal farming is better for everyone. The. let`s find out. But here is a problem: if animal suffering is minimized, what will become of product research and development? author of the book, Nol Sweeney, has been practising as. These requirements are found in Title 9 CFR, Chapter 1, Subchapter A - Animal Welfare, Parts 1, 2, and 3. Most opponents believe that animals do not have the same rights as humans, which means they will never be equal. (e) Any dealer or exhibitor who also operates a private or contract animal pound or shelter shall comply with the following: (Sect.2.132 (e)). In the Unites States, there are plenty of organizations that uphold animal rights and where volunteers can join in to offer support. (Sect. 2.1 (a)(2)). The requirements for field studies are set forth in Parts 1 and 2 of 9 CFR (2022) and are indicated below. Some people believe that animal, The Pros And Cons Of The Animal Welfare Act. 2.1et. After all, humans and certain species are extremely different, resulting in tests that are inconclusive. USDA'sAnimaland Plant Health Inspection Service (APHIS) conducts licensing and inspections of zoos to ensure compliance with the minimum standards of care required by the Animal Welfare Act. Section 3.87 Primary enclosure used to transport nonhuman primates. But opponents of animal rights claim that treatment of animals is just because they lack reason and are nothing more than complex automata. What is even worse is that when an animal dies, the ecosystem will be damaged and human beings will pay for the price. Typically, state and local laws govern thetreatmentof farmanimals. 3.110 (d)). Home Essay Samples Law, Crime & Punishment Animal Cruelty Advantages And Disadvantages Of Using Animals For Entertainment Purposes This essay has been submitted by a student. (Sect.3.8). 1. Many may argue that the use of animals for entertainment is ok because it is what the animals were born to do (ProQuest Staff); however,the use of animals for entertainment is not okay and constitutes animal cruelty because the animals are not getting the care they need, and the animals are suffering. Typically, FE studies used ecological study designs to compare human health and provide a brief overview of the population and communities in developing specific disease . (Sect.2.80 (a)). 3.13 (c)). (b) Water and power supply. Section 2.31(d) requires the IACUC to review the activities involving animals to determine that the proposed activities, or proposed significant changes in ongoing activities, are in accordance with regulations. (Sect. Section 1 defines an "animal" as a vertebrate (other than a human) from the sub-phylum vertebrata of the phylum chordata. The disadvantage with animal rights is that it equates animal life with human life. However, this term excludes any study that involves an invasive procedure, harms, or materially alters the behavior of an animal under study. Walmart and McDonalds will be using only cage free eggs by 2025. Field studymeans a study conducted on free-living wild animals in their natural habitat. We can assess motivation with high precision, determine environmental preferences of animals with sophisticated quantitative methods, and even determine moods and emotions (Briefer et al., 2015 ). Specific Purpose: By the end of my speech, the audience will know about the problem of conducting experiments on animals and the ethical issue of the cruel treatment of animals by the researchers. Section 3.81 Environment enhancement to promote psychological well-being. 1.3 The provisions of the Animal Welfare Act 2006 also apply to animals in zoos. (g) "Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of a primary enclosure which is part of such shipment." To find USDA-licensed dog breeders, go tothe USDAAnimal Care Public Search Tool. 2.8). These animals live among humans and are providing a lot more benefits to them in every way. Inaccurate results. (Sect.3.139 (d)). The certification must include the information required in section 3.13 (c)(1)-(4). Welfare programs help people during their greatest time of need. The use of animal testing has increased, due to its many necessary benefits, such as: helping form vaccinations and uncovering new diseases in the specific species being tested on (AALAS). Throughout its 25-year history, the Five Domains Model for animal welfare assessment has been regularly updated to include at each stage the latest authenticated developments in animal welfare science thinking. 95% of animals used in experiments are not protected by the federal Animal Welfare Act (AWA), which excludes birds, rats and mice bred for research, and cold-blooded animals such as reptiles and most fish. Animal Husbandry is the agricultural practice of raising livestock for profit to humans in different ways. Dealers and exhibitors must develop, document, and follow an appropriate plan for environment enhancement adequate to promote the psychological well-being of nonhuman primates. (3) "Water samples shall be taken and tested at least weekly for coliform count and at least daily for pH and any chemical additives (e.g. The instructions must be attached in a manner that makes them easily noticed and read. Section 2.76 Records: Operators of auction sales and brokers. After enduring lives of pain, loneliness and terror, almost all of them will be killed, (Animal Testing 101). Accordingly, you may wish to contact the appropriate state and local authorities such as Animal Control or your state's Department of Agriculture. (Sect.2.102 (a)(2)). Animal experimentation is cruel but necessary for the survival of both human beings and animals. 2.133 (d)). The certificate shall include the information required in section 3.60 (c)(1)-(4). Government intervention shall decrease the social costs of livestock farming and increase the social benefit of animal welfare. This plan must be made available to APHIS upon request.The plan must address the requirements set forth in section 3.81 (a)(b) (c) and (d). They were starved to death just weeks after the racing season was over (Kitzmiller). (1) If, in the opinion of the attending veterinarian, it is inappropriate for certain dogs to exercise because of their health, condition, or well-being, the dealer or exhibitor may be exempted from meeting the requirements of this section for those dogs. Animals are biologically similar to humans. The market of animal welfare will reached its optimal level due to policy implementation by the government. 2.1 (e)(1)). (2) All premises, facilities, or sites where such person operates or keeps animals are to be indicated on the application form, or on a separate sheet attached to it. The system of patronage has very distinct advantages and disadvantages. (b) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless they are provided with the name, address and telephone number of the consignee. Section 3.86 Consignment to carriers and intermediate handlers. (Sect. Section 3.16 Food and water requirements. The certificate is to include at least the information required in section 3.112 (c)(1)-(4). (Sect. The AWA has been amended numerous times since its original passage in 1966. Instructions for no feed or water are not acceptable unless directed by the attending veterinarian. (Sect. 1. So, there really is no need to use animals for testing or hurt them in the process. The 2006 Act has introduced an important and new concept for pet owners and those responsible for domestic animals, e.g. The animals which are in testing facilities are fully vaccinated, provided food, water, and shelter, while being able to have a limited amount of . (h) Documents accompanying the shipment shall be attached in an easily accessible manner to the outside of the primary enclosure. The Bill of Rights provides basic rights to laboratory animals, farm animals, companion animals and wildlife. Should animals be treated like humans, then? The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) requires that minimum standards of care and treatment be provided for certain animals bred for commercial sale;used in research, teaching, ortesting;transported commercially;or exhibited to the public. The Act also has an offense to remove the scent glands of skunks. 2.133 (b)). (Sect. However, both sides agree that it would be beneficial to reduce animal suffering by finding alternatives to this practice. (Sect. And for the purpose of what? (c) A class "C" exhibitor shall identify live dogs and cats as indicated in section 2.50 (c). katie_barnes69. 3.36 (h)). Although animal research plays a crucial role in experiments focused on disease treatments and preventions, it is cruel, inhumane, and should be stopped. (Sect. These explanatory notes relate to the Animal Welfare Act 2006 which received Royal Assent on 8 November 2006. If it does, then it can be tested on humans with a lower risk of a negative outcome. For example, the routine docking of dogs' tails is banned but working dogs are . Section 3.36 Primary enclosures used to transport live guinea pigs and hamsters. Then again, if animals are hurt or killed because of human activities, our planets ecosystem will be damaged and will lead to destruction of all humans and non-human animals. Therefore, as part of AWICs mission, we provide information on the AWA to help people understand the law and its requirements. Save animal lives Testing and experiments done on animals are not always reliable in certain situations. [ 120] Instructions for no food or water are not acceptable unless directed by the attending veterinarian. Application is to be made on a form furnished by the AC Regional Director and is to be filed with the AC Regional Director in the state in which that person operates or intends to operate. This will result in destruction of economies based on these products. Section numbers are provided for reference. Use ourAnimal Welfare Act Quick Reference Guides. In the context of applications of genetic engineering in human life, misuse of this technology in the production of biological warfare or weapons is a very major disadvantage. There is only one fundamental right: To live successfully, a man has to make his own choices as well as animals too (Roleff,2014,p.33). Animal testing should be abolished because it is unnecessary, inaccurate, and cruel to animals. Section 2.31 (c)(6) and (7) requires the IACUC to review and approve, or make modifications to, proposed and ongoing activities related to the care and use of animals as specified in section 2.31(d). So, there really is no need to use animals for testing or hurt them in the process. (Sect.2.125). Farm animals are not covered by the AWA. Section 3.89 Food and water requirements. The original intent of the Animal Welfare Act was to regulate the use and care of animals in a laboratory setting on a federal level. (f) Marking and labeling. (b) A dealer shall not sell, provide, or make available to any person a live random source dog or cat unless the dealer provides the recipient of the dog or cat with certification that contains the information set forth in section 2.133 (b)(1)-(6) . SECTION 1. Instructions must be in compliance with section 3.89. (Sect. It can also be used by anyone to understand what APHIS inspectors are observing during an inspection. (b) Any dealer or exhibitor offering a nonhuman primate to a carrier or intermediate handler for transportation in commerce must securely attach to the outside of the primary enclosure used for transporting the nonhuman primate, written instructions for a 24 hour period for the in-transit food and water requirements of the nonhuman primate(s) contained in the enclosure. The plan must include written standard procedure s to be followed in providing the opportunity for exercise. (Sect.3.81 (e)(3)). (f) Primary enclosures used to transport live rabbits.shall be clearly marked on top and on one or more sides with the words "Live Animals" in letters not less than 1 inch in height and with arrows or other markings to indicate the correct upright position if the container. Select "list of persons licensed or registered under the Animal Welfare Act". (c) Carriers and intermediate handlers must not accept a dog or cat for transport in commerce unless the consignor certifies in writing to the carrier or intermediate handler that the dog or cat was offered food and water during the 4 hours before delivery to the carrier or intermediate handler. USDA. The Animal Welfare Act (AWA) was signed into law in 1966. With much of our diet coming from animal muscle protein, such a legal structure would change the entire agricultural community and potentially create many more food deserts throughout the world. In the long term, organic farms save energy and protect the environment. 4 The agreement reduced and eliminated tariffs. Therefore, if no testing will be done on animals, the overall cost will be saved and used for something else. (4) To inspect and photograph the facilities, property and animals, as the APHIS officials consider necessary to enforce the Act, regulations and standards. 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