If your child under 2 is having symptoms and needs to be tested, seek out your primary care provider for a PCR test, Alvarado said. As lockdowns ease and people resume economic and social activities, reliable and convenient self-tests will play a vital role in helping people make informed decisions after duly assessing infection status and risk. If both the colored line C and T are visible the test result is positive. As the manufacturer, SD Biosensor, transitions to this new brand,. Instructions for Usefor Version 1 Patient Self Test, Instructions for Use for Version 2 Patient Self Test, Quick Reference Guidefor Version 1 Patient Self Test, Quick Reference Guide for Version 2 Patient Self Test. Note that tests may be packaged individually or with multiple tests in one package (for example, two tests packaged in one box). Call your primary care physician or your childs pediatrician, wear a mask and isolate from family and friends. See how it works. 0 Products. Added information about checking expiry dates on rapid lateral flow tests. This is the test that is sent to a lab to be checked. Please let us know how we can improve this page. Roche can confirm our PCR, antibody and antigen tests can detect the new Omicron virus variant. Help protect your business with a COVID-19 rapid testing solution from Roche, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing amet. Follow the dosing instructions on the box. If you need assistance, please contact the Department of Public Health. To get the most accurate result, its important to do the test properly. Published April 3, 2020. Registration 3 4 The COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Self-Test (for home use) is intended for unsupervised testing in the home or other environment. Test again within three days (with at least 36 hours between tests) Refer to the product insert for full instructions. COVID-19 rapid antigen self-tests (for home use) These tests must not be supplied for the purpose of self-testing.Negative test results do not exclude infection with COVID-19 (so face masks, social distancing and good hygiene practice must be maintained).Follow current government health messaging regarding polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing requirements. To view the full list of tests, Testing ready to go when you need to know. At-Home OTC COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests | FDA https://bit.ly/3EMRnnhThanks for watching!~ Flowflex Antigen Rapid Test Lateral Flow Covid Self-Testing Kit 5 Test Roche launches COVID-19 at-home test for self-testing of SARS-CoV-2 virus including Omicron variant COVID-19 At-home test enables individuals to test themselves for COVID-19. Open swab packet and make sure to only hold the swab at the bottom. Roche Diagnostics India has launched the COVID-19 At-Home Test for detection of SARS CoV-2 infection in individuals with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: throat and - GOV.UK Download Financial Express App for latest business news. How to get your At-Home Over-The-Counter COVID-19 Test for Free Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. Open the smaller, top cap on the vial of liquid, then squeeze three drops of your sample into the collection area of the strip. By using our website you agree to our use of cookies in accordance with our cookie policy. If youre exposed to someone who has tested positive for COVID-19 or if you have symptoms, youll want to test. The SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test is intended to detect specific antigen from the SARS-CoV-2 virus in individuals suspected of COVID-19. A SARS-CoV-2 antigen test detects the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from part of the upper respiratory tract swab specimens by identifying a nucleoprotein that is carried by the virus. The rapid antigen tests give results in 15-20 minutes and are convenient. PILOT COVID-19 AT-HOME TEST All individuals who use this assay are Package unboxing and instructions. CLINITEST Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test from Siemens Healthineers Detect Covid-19 Test from Detect, Inc. Flowflex COVID-19 Antigen Home Test from ACON Laboratories iHealth. Instructions for Use Interpreting the Results Positive Result The Roche SD Biosensor rapid antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in a nonhospitalized symptomatic population. Theres separate information on how to do a PCR home test. Always read the Instructions for Use carefully. Each contains three main items: a collection swab, a test strip and a small vial of liquid. Place them all on a clean surface. Chances are youve seen COVID-19 rapid antigen test kits for sale in drugstores and supermarkets and online. Covid19 rapid test kit with instructions. How do I perform a BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Self Test? (COVID-19 At Home Test distributed by Roche Diagnostics)00:00 Package Exterior00:34 Package Contents01:23 Instructions05:22 Results IndicatorsCOVID at home test guides and instructions:Flowflex: https://youtu.be/VGsQP-BUkeYRoche: https://youtu.be/NAWji5k0Gl8iHealth: https://youtu.be/3D2a6NmpjuABinaxNOW: https://youtu.be/vlbA0adQGHQQuickVue: https://youtu.be/OgxztqCDsxI Please don't forget to subscribe! When you stop self-isolating after 7 days, you need to take extra care for another 3 days to reduce the risk of passing COVID-19 on. The test identifies current infection during the acute phase of COVID-19, while the virus is still present in large quantities in the respiratory tract. The SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Self Test Nasal provides reliable results for individuals suspected of having COVID-19. Additional online resources: - PDF Instructions (English) - PDF Instructions (Spanish) - Video. Along with measures like social distancing and self-isolation, quality testing is an essential part of efforts to contain and control the COVID-19 pandemic, which currently has no approved vaccine or disease-specific treatment. 4. Blow your nose once using a tissue. To watch a video demonstration and for help with doing the test and reporting results, see how to do a COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test. Failure to follow directions may produce inaccurate test results. 104(3), 246251.-2020- Elecsys Ant (v1.0), Letko, M., Marzi, A., Munster, V. (2020).-Nat Microbiol. The feedback will only be used for improving the website. Use this button to show and access all levels. Follow current government health messaging regarding polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing requirements. What comes with the Pilot COVID-19 At-Home Test Test device (x4) Buffer tube holder (x1) Nasal swab (x4) Tube with liquid (x4) Nozzle cap (x4) Quick Reference Instructions Each kit comes with everything you need to complete your COVID-19 test, including full illustrated instructions. Check the expiry date before you do the test. At Roche Diagnostics we believe wide accessibility to such high-performance, instrument-free and reliable Point of Care tests can contribute significantly to better managing the ongoing pandemic crisis. We rapid-tested a sample onsite and compared results with those from reverse transcription PCR and virus culture. Some randomr randomr randomr randomr randomr randomr, An aid in identifying individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2, Roche develops new serology test to detect COVID-19 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Self Test Nasal Package Insert 2021-04 V 1.0, Su S, Wong G, Shi W, et al.-Trends Microbiol. WHO. How to do an at-home COVID-19 rapid antigen Wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap for at least 30 seconds. This guide tells you how to: prepare the test take a. Roche solutions offer a fast and effective way to help protect businesses from COVID-19, enabling further confidence in a COVID-19 Safety Plan. Make sure to follow the instructions carefully. By following simple instructions, individuals can perform the self-test at home without special training or the supervision of a healthcare worker and expects results in 15 minutes. COVID-19 is real. Nettsiden inneholder: Hurtigveiledning, video om hvordan utfre testen, pakningsvedlegg og informasjon om sikker oppbevaring av dine personlige data. As the third wave sets in, accessibility to such simple, convenient, fast and instrument-free self-test can contribute significantly to help us better manage our lives and health during the ongoing pandemic.. The Test can also successfully detect SARS-CoV-2 virus including the Omicron variant. Set a timer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, youll look for two things: The at-home antigen tests arent as sensitive as PCR tests. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html. hb``e``b```nf@@,,rvm9_ nqC?NK5"0bLfted f("c"#+mI@Tpq-y& %LOXjY2:e30171ZabhUh5k&P|O[u!>fLPm*6! 8V Then put the cap back on the vial. Users have to download the My Covid-M app using the QR code which will help them read and interpret the test results and also update the results to the ICMR database (as mandated by ICMR). Roche COVID-19 At-Home Test [How To / Quick Guide] - YouTube Roches response to the COVID-19 pandemic. 2016;24(6):490502.-2016-Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 -L (v1.0), Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W. et al.-N Engl J Med 382(8) 727-733-2020-Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 -Lit (v1.0), Chan, J.F., Yuan, S., Kok, K.H., To, K.K., Chu, H., Yang, J. et al.-Lancet. h[o7Wc;dW|9`>(#-oWb7v"JY,Mc'#NwPI=vbJ7 ICqB&)zI*Q>wx2S'P#-|>tz]'Esh$}e!!vc$^j/*v. Instructions to perform the test are included inside your test kit box. Read UC Davis Healths guide to COVID-19 recovery. The SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Self Test Nasal provides reliable results for individuals suspected of having COVID-19. Since an infection with the virus often goes without symptoms, many people do not know that they have already been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Covid-19 third wave hits India The growing case for home healthcare, Three lakh doses of intranasal Covid vaccine sent to hospitals: Bharat Biotechs Krishna Ella, One shot Sputnik Light vaccine authorized in UAE as a universalbooster, IIT Guwahati develops coating material to modify cloth masks for better protection and breathability againstCOVID-19, Copyright 2023 The Indian Express [P] Ltd. All Rights Reserved, roche launches covid 19 at home test for self testing of sars cov 2 virus including omicron variant, Haryana to have three new Metro corridors! Published March 29, 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/modes-of-transmission-of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precaution-recommendations. If the area under the T, or test section, has no line at all, that means its negative for COVID-19. Insert the swab into the extraction buffer tube, squeeze the tube tight at the bottom and stir the swab more than ten times. How long do you self isolate for | Math Index Coronaviruses share structural similarities and are composed of 16 nonstructural proteins and 4 structural proteins: spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). To get a valid result you will have to do a new test (with new test material and new sample). Roche is deeply committed to supporting the global response to put an end to the COVID-19 pandemic. Please also be aware that the information on this website should not be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease without the advice of a qualified medical professional, and does not replace medical advice or a medical examination. Squeeze the sides of the vial against the swab as you pull it out. One version is in full-color and the other is in black and white which may be easier to print. Accessed June 11, 2021. WHO. How to use the Roche COVID-19 At-Home Test.Quick guide of what you can expect. Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Step-by-step guide to COVID-19 self-testing for throat and nose test, Step-by-step guide to COVID-19 self-testing for throat and nose test: easy read, Step-by-step guide to COVID-19 self-testing for throat and nose test in audio, braille, large print and giant print from RNIB, how to do a COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test, COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: SureScreen, COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: Orient Gene, Coronavirus (COVID-19) PCR home test kit instructions, COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: ACON Flowflex, Organisation testing registration: record of users, take a swab sample from yourself or a child. Insert the sterile swab 2 cm into your nostril and rotate the swab 4 times for about 15 seconds against the nasal wall. But with proper precautions vaccination, handwashing, masking and distancing we can get on with our lives., Monday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m.:hs-publicaffairs@ucdavis.edu916-734-9040, After business hours, holidays or weekends:hs-publicaffairs@ucdavis.edu916-734-2011 (ask for public information officer), 2023UC Regents. It is transmitted mainly via respiratory droplets after close contact, and primary viral replication is presumed to occur in mucosal epithelium of the upper respiratory tract (nasal cavity and pharynx).2At these locations viral load peaks within the first week after symptom onset, and then declines.3. Your step-by-step guide to DHSC COVID-19 Self-Test (Rapid Antigen Test) These instructions for use relate to DHSC COVID-19 Self-Test (Rapid Antigen Test) only. Thomas Neoclassical Furniture Maker Codycross, Beech Grove Football Coach, Equate Blood Pressure Monitor 6000 Series User Manual, Articles R
">

roche covid self test instructions

Two criteria are paramount to broad testing programmes for SARS-CoV-2: throughput, meaning that laboratories can test high numbers of samples in a short time frame, and accuracy, which means a reliable test result. If your child under 2 is having symptoms and needs to be tested, seek out your primary care provider for a PCR test, Alvarado said. As lockdowns ease and people resume economic and social activities, reliable and convenient self-tests will play a vital role in helping people make informed decisions after duly assessing infection status and risk. If both the colored line C and T are visible the test result is positive. As the manufacturer, SD Biosensor, transitions to this new brand,. Instructions for Usefor Version 1 Patient Self Test, Instructions for Use for Version 2 Patient Self Test, Quick Reference Guidefor Version 1 Patient Self Test, Quick Reference Guide for Version 2 Patient Self Test. Note that tests may be packaged individually or with multiple tests in one package (for example, two tests packaged in one box). Call your primary care physician or your childs pediatrician, wear a mask and isolate from family and friends. See how it works. 0 Products. Added information about checking expiry dates on rapid lateral flow tests. This is the test that is sent to a lab to be checked. Please let us know how we can improve this page. Roche can confirm our PCR, antibody and antigen tests can detect the new Omicron virus variant. Help protect your business with a COVID-19 rapid testing solution from Roche, Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing amet. Follow the dosing instructions on the box. If you need assistance, please contact the Department of Public Health. To get the most accurate result, its important to do the test properly. Published April 3, 2020. Registration 3 4 The COVID-19 Rapid Antigen Self-Test (for home use) is intended for unsupervised testing in the home or other environment. Test again within three days (with at least 36 hours between tests) Refer to the product insert for full instructions. COVID-19 rapid antigen self-tests (for home use) These tests must not be supplied for the purpose of self-testing.Negative test results do not exclude infection with COVID-19 (so face masks, social distancing and good hygiene practice must be maintained).Follow current government health messaging regarding polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing requirements. To view the full list of tests, Testing ready to go when you need to know. At-Home OTC COVID-19 Diagnostic Tests | FDA https://bit.ly/3EMRnnhThanks for watching!~ Flowflex Antigen Rapid Test Lateral Flow Covid Self-Testing Kit 5 Test Roche launches COVID-19 at-home test for self-testing of SARS-CoV-2 virus including Omicron variant COVID-19 At-home test enables individuals to test themselves for COVID-19. Open swab packet and make sure to only hold the swab at the bottom. Roche Diagnostics India has launched the COVID-19 At-Home Test for detection of SARS CoV-2 infection in individuals with symptoms suggestive of COVID-19. COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: throat and - GOV.UK Download Financial Express App for latest business news. How to get your At-Home Over-The-Counter COVID-19 Test for Free Dont include personal or financial information like your National Insurance number or credit card details. Open the smaller, top cap on the vial of liquid, then squeeze three drops of your sample into the collection area of the strip. By using our website you agree to our use of cookies in accordance with our cookie policy. If youre exposed to someone who has tested positive for COVID-19 or if you have symptoms, youll want to test. The SARS-CoV-2 Rapid Antigen Test is intended to detect specific antigen from the SARS-CoV-2 virus in individuals suspected of COVID-19. A SARS-CoV-2 antigen test detects the presence of the SARS-CoV-2 virus from part of the upper respiratory tract swab specimens by identifying a nucleoprotein that is carried by the virus. The rapid antigen tests give results in 15-20 minutes and are convenient. PILOT COVID-19 AT-HOME TEST All individuals who use this assay are Package unboxing and instructions. CLINITEST Rapid COVID-19 Antigen Self-Test from Siemens Healthineers Detect Covid-19 Test from Detect, Inc. Flowflex COVID-19 Antigen Home Test from ACON Laboratories iHealth. Instructions for Use Interpreting the Results Positive Result The Roche SD Biosensor rapid antigen test for SARS-CoV-2 was evaluated in a nonhospitalized symptomatic population. Theres separate information on how to do a PCR home test. Always read the Instructions for Use carefully. Each contains three main items: a collection swab, a test strip and a small vial of liquid. Place them all on a clean surface. Chances are youve seen COVID-19 rapid antigen test kits for sale in drugstores and supermarkets and online. Covid19 rapid test kit with instructions. How do I perform a BinaxNOW COVID-19 Antigen Self Test? (COVID-19 At Home Test distributed by Roche Diagnostics)00:00 Package Exterior00:34 Package Contents01:23 Instructions05:22 Results IndicatorsCOVID at home test guides and instructions:Flowflex: https://youtu.be/VGsQP-BUkeYRoche: https://youtu.be/NAWji5k0Gl8iHealth: https://youtu.be/3D2a6NmpjuABinaxNOW: https://youtu.be/vlbA0adQGHQQuickVue: https://youtu.be/OgxztqCDsxI Please don't forget to subscribe! When you stop self-isolating after 7 days, you need to take extra care for another 3 days to reduce the risk of passing COVID-19 on. The test identifies current infection during the acute phase of COVID-19, while the virus is still present in large quantities in the respiratory tract. The SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Self Test Nasal provides reliable results for individuals suspected of having COVID-19. Additional online resources: - PDF Instructions (English) - PDF Instructions (Spanish) - Video. Along with measures like social distancing and self-isolation, quality testing is an essential part of efforts to contain and control the COVID-19 pandemic, which currently has no approved vaccine or disease-specific treatment. 4. Blow your nose once using a tissue. To watch a video demonstration and for help with doing the test and reporting results, see how to do a COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test. Failure to follow directions may produce inaccurate test results. 104(3), 246251.-2020- Elecsys Ant (v1.0), Letko, M., Marzi, A., Munster, V. (2020).-Nat Microbiol. The feedback will only be used for improving the website. Use this button to show and access all levels. Follow current government health messaging regarding polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing requirements. What comes with the Pilot COVID-19 At-Home Test Test device (x4) Buffer tube holder (x1) Nasal swab (x4) Tube with liquid (x4) Nozzle cap (x4) Quick Reference Instructions Each kit comes with everything you need to complete your COVID-19 test, including full illustrated instructions. Check the expiry date before you do the test. At Roche Diagnostics we believe wide accessibility to such high-performance, instrument-free and reliable Point of Care tests can contribute significantly to better managing the ongoing pandemic crisis. We rapid-tested a sample onsite and compared results with those from reverse transcription PCR and virus culture. Some randomr randomr randomr randomr randomr randomr, An aid in identifying individuals infected by SARS-CoV-2, Roche develops new serology test to detect COVID-19 antibodies, SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Self Test Nasal Package Insert 2021-04 V 1.0, Su S, Wong G, Shi W, et al.-Trends Microbiol. WHO. How to do an at-home COVID-19 rapid antigen Wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap for at least 30 seconds. This guide tells you how to: prepare the test take a. Roche solutions offer a fast and effective way to help protect businesses from COVID-19, enabling further confidence in a COVID-19 Safety Plan. Make sure to follow the instructions carefully. By following simple instructions, individuals can perform the self-test at home without special training or the supervision of a healthcare worker and expects results in 15 minutes. COVID-19 is real. Nettsiden inneholder: Hurtigveiledning, video om hvordan utfre testen, pakningsvedlegg og informasjon om sikker oppbevaring av dine personlige data. As the third wave sets in, accessibility to such simple, convenient, fast and instrument-free self-test can contribute significantly to help us better manage our lives and health during the ongoing pandemic.. The Test can also successfully detect SARS-CoV-2 virus including the Omicron variant. Set a timer for 15 minutes. After 15 minutes, youll look for two things: The at-home antigen tests arent as sensitive as PCR tests. https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/prevent-getting-sick/how-covid-spreads.html. hb``e``b```nf@@,,rvm9_ nqC?NK5"0bLfted f("c"#+mI@Tpq-y& %LOXjY2:e30171ZabhUh5k&P|O[u!>fLPm*6! 8V Then put the cap back on the vial. Users have to download the My Covid-M app using the QR code which will help them read and interpret the test results and also update the results to the ICMR database (as mandated by ICMR). Roche COVID-19 At-Home Test [How To / Quick Guide] - YouTube Roches response to the COVID-19 pandemic. 2016;24(6):490502.-2016-Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 -L (v1.0), Zhu, N., Zhang, D., Wang, W. et al.-N Engl J Med 382(8) 727-733-2020-Elecsys Anti-SARS-CoV-2 -Lit (v1.0), Chan, J.F., Yuan, S., Kok, K.H., To, K.K., Chu, H., Yang, J. et al.-Lancet. h[o7Wc;dW|9`>(#-oWb7v"JY,Mc'#NwPI=vbJ7 ICqB&)zI*Q>wx2S'P#-|>tz]'Esh$}e!!vc$^j/*v. Instructions to perform the test are included inside your test kit box. Read UC Davis Healths guide to COVID-19 recovery. The SARS-CoV-2 Antigen Self Test Nasal provides reliable results for individuals suspected of having COVID-19. Since an infection with the virus often goes without symptoms, many people do not know that they have already been infected with SARS-CoV-2. Covid-19 third wave hits India The growing case for home healthcare, Three lakh doses of intranasal Covid vaccine sent to hospitals: Bharat Biotechs Krishna Ella, One shot Sputnik Light vaccine authorized in UAE as a universalbooster, IIT Guwahati develops coating material to modify cloth masks for better protection and breathability againstCOVID-19, Copyright 2023 The Indian Express [P] Ltd. All Rights Reserved, roche launches covid 19 at home test for self testing of sars cov 2 virus including omicron variant, Haryana to have three new Metro corridors! Published March 29, 2020. https://www.who.int/news-room/commentaries/detail/modes-of-transmission-of-virus-causing-covid-19-implications-for-ipc-precaution-recommendations. If the area under the T, or test section, has no line at all, that means its negative for COVID-19. Insert the swab into the extraction buffer tube, squeeze the tube tight at the bottom and stir the swab more than ten times. How long do you self isolate for | Math Index Coronaviruses share structural similarities and are composed of 16 nonstructural proteins and 4 structural proteins: spike (S), envelope (E), membrane (M), and nucleocapsid (N). To get a valid result you will have to do a new test (with new test material and new sample). Roche is deeply committed to supporting the global response to put an end to the COVID-19 pandemic. Please also be aware that the information on this website should not be used to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease without the advice of a qualified medical professional, and does not replace medical advice or a medical examination. Squeeze the sides of the vial against the swab as you pull it out. One version is in full-color and the other is in black and white which may be easier to print. Accessed June 11, 2021. WHO. How to use the Roche COVID-19 At-Home Test.Quick guide of what you can expect. Check benefits and financial support you can get, Find out about the Energy Bills Support Scheme, Step-by-step guide to COVID-19 self-testing for throat and nose test, Step-by-step guide to COVID-19 self-testing for throat and nose test: easy read, Step-by-step guide to COVID-19 self-testing for throat and nose test in audio, braille, large print and giant print from RNIB, how to do a COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test, COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: SureScreen, COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: Orient Gene, Coronavirus (COVID-19) PCR home test kit instructions, COVID-19 rapid lateral flow test kit instructions: ACON Flowflex, Organisation testing registration: record of users, take a swab sample from yourself or a child. Insert the sterile swab 2 cm into your nostril and rotate the swab 4 times for about 15 seconds against the nasal wall. But with proper precautions vaccination, handwashing, masking and distancing we can get on with our lives., Monday - Friday, 8 a.m. - 5 p.m.:hs-publicaffairs@ucdavis.edu916-734-9040, After business hours, holidays or weekends:hs-publicaffairs@ucdavis.edu916-734-2011 (ask for public information officer), 2023UC Regents. It is transmitted mainly via respiratory droplets after close contact, and primary viral replication is presumed to occur in mucosal epithelium of the upper respiratory tract (nasal cavity and pharynx).2At these locations viral load peaks within the first week after symptom onset, and then declines.3. Your step-by-step guide to DHSC COVID-19 Self-Test (Rapid Antigen Test) These instructions for use relate to DHSC COVID-19 Self-Test (Rapid Antigen Test) only.

Thomas Neoclassical Furniture Maker Codycross, Beech Grove Football Coach, Equate Blood Pressure Monitor 6000 Series User Manual, Articles R