Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. The service categories essentially operated as ranks in disguise: they indicated the experience and qualifications of a commander. Advancing in rank tends to produce a paper trail, and an illegal resident spy would need to have as low a profile as possible (even within the USSR). The rank systems in the pro-Soviet states of Mongolia and Tuva developed under the Soviet influence, following the pattern change in 1943. Click Buy it now or Add to cart and proceed to checkout. Appro da4 ov R 3ease 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 FOREWORD After the introduction of this new system, most existing kombrigs were ranked as colonel, although some were ranked as general; existing komdivs were mostly ranked as major general, komcors and Army Commanders 2nd rank was mostly ranked Lieutenant General, and Army Commanders 1st rank were ranked as Colonel General or General of the Army (a notable exception is Georgy Zhukov who was promoted to General of the Army directly from komcor rank). After the war, the MGB helped to crush all opposition, whether real or suspected, in eastern Europe and the Soviet Union; between 1945 and 1953 more than 750,000 Soviet citizens were arrested and punished for political crimes. In consequence, KGB monitored the satellite-state populations for occurrences of "harmful attitudes" and "hostile acts;" yet, stopping the Prague Spring, deposing a nationalist Communist government, was its greatest achievement. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. We had 1 to 100 casualitiy rates while GRU Spetsnaz had 1 to 200-300. [12], Former head of Azerbaijan SSR KGB Heydar Aliyev, exAzerbaijani President, In the 1960s, acting upon the information of KGB defector Anatoliy Golitsyn, the CIA counter-intelligence chief James Jesus Angleton believed KGB had moles in two key placesthe counter-intelligence section of CIA and the FBI's counter-intelligence departmentthrough whom they would know of, and control, US counter-espionage to protect the moles and hamper the detection and capture of other Communist spies. Z KGB dissident-group infiltration featured agents provocateur pretending "sympathy to the cause", smear campaigns against prominent dissidents, and show trials; once imprisoned, the dissident endured KGB interrogators and sympathetic informant cell-mates. Note: Winter overcoat as for officers. CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 "Lt. Col." was the "average" rank. Air Force, Naval, KGB and '?' Stars, buttons and insignia are olive drab for all ranks. shoulderboards have piping, other ranks have only longitudinal stripes colored branch of service. Personal ranks were reintroduced in 1935, and general officer ranks were restored in May 1940. Although they underwent some modifications, the ranks were based on those of the Russian Empire. General officers and Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 I You are thinking of US Army ranks, the Soviet Army had three lieutenant ranks. non-commissioned officers' and However, in the final document, the two komandarm ranks were replaced with Colonel General and General of the Army, with the rank of Marshal of the Soviet Union on top of them. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Some never got promoted beyond Captain, others became generals. The Arm or Service distinctions remained (e.g. Should I bother with it? Up until 2010, there were no confirmed cases of Soviet or Russian sleeper agents in the US. The ranks of "General" or "Admiral" replaced the senior functional ranks of Combrig, Comdiv, Comcor, Comandarm; the other senior functional ranks ("Division Commissar", "Division Engineer", etc.) MILITIA (CRIMINAL AND TRAFFIC POLICE) (for Sergeants of extended enlistment) NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN Absolutely! Styling contours by colour and by line thickness in QGIS, ERROR: CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW WITH DATA cannot be executed from a function. (All ranks not shown) In 1922 the Cheka was supplanted by the GPU (State Political Administration) in an effort by the Communist Party to reduce the scale of the Chekas terror. In the 1980s, the glasnost liberalisation of Soviet society provoked KGB Chairman Vladimir Kryuchkov (198891) to lead the August 1991 Soviet coup d'tat attempt to depose President Mikhail Gorbachev. Approved For Release 19951Mr78-02646R000400360001-4 The following 2 files are in this category, out of 2 total. The KGB prepared the Red Army's route by infiltrating to Czechoslovakia many illegal residents disguised as Western tourists. shoulderboard is as shown in Fig. Belarus sleeve patch for the Belarus KGB's signal unit.$6.00 . The illegal resident spied, unprotected by diplomatic immunity, and worked independently of Soviet diplomatic and trade missions, (cf. -RDP78 NAVY - SHOULDERBOARDS, OFFICERS To make matters even more complicated, other than the typical military ranks (the KGB was a military service after all), there were several central and local offices, directorates and units. Unofficial grade system and military culture in the Soviet Army, Influence on rank systems in other countries, Learn how and when to remove these template messages, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ranks and insignia of the Red Army and Navy 19181935, Ranks and insignia of the Red Army and Navy 19351940, Ranks and insignia of the Red Army and Navy 19401943, Ranks and insignia of the Soviet Armed Forces 19431955, Ranks and insignia of the Soviet Armed Forces 19551991, Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation, Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation, Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation, " 1940 ", " 1919-21 ", " 1922-23 ", " 1924-36 ", " () 1943-55 ", " 1955-69", " 1970-88", " 1988-91(93)", " 1955-92(94) ", "Russia 1922-1991 (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics)". Militia Uniforms and Insignia agonal sh?A pr sporcReIease 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R00d400360001-4 Identity cards The Chairman of the KGB of the USSR Yuri Andropov. Mindful of ambitious spy chiefsand after deposing Premier Nikita KhrushchevSecretary Leonid Brezhnev and the CPSU knew to manage the next over-ambitious KGB Chairman, Aleksandr Shelepin (195861), who facilitated Brezhnev's palace coup d'tat against Khrushchev in 1964 (despite Shelepin not then being in the KGB). From 1919 to 1922, colour of collar patch indicating the corps:[6], From 1922 to 1923, the rank insignia have four colours:[7], From 1924 to 1934, the rank insignia have two colours. The KGB also has been considered a military service and was governed by army laws and regulations, similar to the Soviet Army or MVD Internal Troops. Military ranks of the Soviet Union (19551991), Enlisted men, non-commissioned officers, warrant officers, and, Ratings of the Navy, coastal services and other shore commands, Army officers and generals (all services), Naval officers and flag officers (all services), "Military ranks of the Soviet Union"19551991, Learn how and when to remove this template message, Ranks and insignia of the Imperial Russian Armed Forces, Military ranks of the Soviet Union (19181935), Military ranks of the Soviet Union (19351940), Military ranks of the Soviet Union (19401943), Military ranks of the Soviet Union (19431955), Ranks and rank insignia of the Russian Federations armed forces 19942010, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Military_ranks_of_the_Soviet_Union_(19551991)&oldid=1117056730, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2015, Articles needing additional references from November 2021, All articles needing additional references, Articles containing Russian-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Motorised & mechanised rifles raspberry, Technical troops of any kind and the navy black. The KGB was responsible for foreign intelligence, domestic counterintelligence, technical intelligence, protection of the political leadership, and the security of the Soviet Union's frontiers. 1980.png 88 249; 34 KB. Rank insignia of .svg 138 356; 286 KB Jr. Sgt. What was the origin of the roles of "lieutenant" officers? RANKING OFFICERS Approved For Release 1999/08(4: CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 The following 30 files are in this category, out of 30 total. 2. Soviet Militsiya rank insignia (1958) (50 F) Soviet Militsiya rank insignia (1965) (44 F) Soviet Militsiya rank insignia (1969) (36 F) Soviet Militsiya rank insignia (1971-1977) (25 F) Categories: Military rank insignia of the Soviet Union. 2. This category has the following 10 subcategories, out of 10 total. Junior It. The ranks and rank insignia of the Soviet Armed Forces between 1955 and 1991 were distinguished by the reorganisation of the Soviet armed forces after the death of Stalin, resulting in changes to ranks, insignia, and uniforms. Rank insignia then used both upside-down chevrons on the sleeve and collar marks. It only takes a minute to sign up. Of course I'm not implying such sleeper-cells existed in the USA, just asking for likely ranks. Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 [1][2] Its main functions were foreign intelligence, counterintelligence, operative-investigatory activities, guarding the State Border of the USSR, guarding the leadership of the and the Soviet Government, organization and ensuring of government communications as well as combating nationalism, dissent, and anti-Soviet activities. During World War II the MGB conducted operations in Nazi-occupied Europe. Immediately after the Revolution, personal military ranks were abandoned in favour of a system of positional ranks, which were acronyms of the full position names. Thanks for contributing an answer to History Stack Exchange! This will differ depending on what options are available for the item. Branch of service insignia is gold or silver as for dress/semi- The KGB was formed in 1954 and attached to the Council of Ministers, the committee was a direct successor of such preceding agencies as Cheka, NKGB, and MGB. If one did not know a commander's position, one used one of the possible positions - for example: "Regiment Commander" for K-9. the Royal Montenegrin coat-of-arms which again is a new heraldic insignia of this small country. always sky-blue, c) for the KGB: royal blue, d) for the Border Guard: dark green. The rank insignia was now also seen on epaulettes: black on-duty dresses and dark blue and gold on all full and ceremonial dresses for the fleet forces, with air force blue borders for the aviation branch and red borders for the coastal defense and naval infantry branch. We believe there is no need for additional military ranks above Marshal. 6 In retrospect, the captures of the moles Aldrich Ames and Robert Hanssen proved that Angleton, though ignored as over-aggressive, was correct, despite costing him his job at CIA, which he left in 1975. KGB Structure. In 1952 the senior enlisted rating's insignia (until 1972, Midshipman and from then on, Chief Ship Petty Officer) changed to its final design. Sergeant Junior Sgt. British and American agents of Soviet intelligence were for the most part ideological supporters of the regime, and many were members of communist parties. Air Force Air Force Border Troops 1943.png 142 362; 128 KB. Boatswain Rigger Musician Storekeeper Hospital Corpsman Major Senior Sgt. Q M 9 148-153. On certain types of uniform the shape of the 12 Areas of KGB activities. Colonel (Artillery) In 1967, the campaign of this suppression increased under new KGB Chairman Yuri Andropov. Corrections? Uniforms, Insignia, DRESS/SEMI-DRESS 1 2 Sponsored by Factinate Finally, the KGB prepared hardline, pro-USSR members of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia (CPC), such as Alois Indra and Vasil Biak, to assume power after the Red Army's invasion. Winter Service. Multicolor plastics, 75 x 100 mm. Non-commissioned officers and The insignia now denoted the category, not the position of a commander. Information uncovered in the 1990s indicated that by 1953 some 2,750,000 Soviet citizens were in jail or in forced-labour camps, and approximately the same number were in internal exile. Approved For Release 1999/08/24: CIA-RDP78-02646R000400360001-4 These acronyms have survived as informal position names to the present day.[when?]. The rank of KGB SUPREME KNIGHT is the highest enlisted rank. All other officers and other ranks wore corps colours as follows: The regimental numberings of the 1943 system were removed altogether. This category has only the following subcategory. Original Price $25.00 In 2020 alone, purchases on Etsy generated nearly $4 billion in income for small businesses. Summer: dress, semi-dress Summer: dress, semi-dress On tunics with standing collar, hex- I can say the GRU is the most fearsome force in Chechnya. Both agencies became ministriesthe Ministry of Internal Affairs (MVD) and the Ministry of State Security (MGB)in 1946. In the end, the number of General-grade ranks did not reduce at all even with the abolition of the Brigadier-grade kombrig rank, contrary to the initial proposal by Voroshilov. Currently, Congo, Ethiopia, and Eritrea still retain the Soviet-based system of ranks with slightly changed designs (officers have horizontal stripes rather than vertical). When Soviet archives were opened in the 1990s, it was learned that the Cheka, which in 1921 had a staff of more than 250,000, was responsible for the execution of more than 140,000 people. 18(3), . Most of the officer ranks were revived in 1935, save for the high-ranking officers, and the new PO rank of Squad Commander. One of its networks, the Red Orchestra, comprised several hundred agents and informers, including agents in the German ministries of foreign affairs, labour, propaganda, and economics. Officers' cap devices The former officers of the IRN who joined the ranks of this new navy retained their ranks with the abbreviation "b." Senior Petty Officers (Navy) The more infamous example is Aldrich Ames, a US national and CIA officer and analyst. 5 branch of service insignia are olive drab. These banks had made numerous loans to advanced technology companies and had many of their officers and directors as clients. During the Hungarian revolt, KGB chairman Ivan Serov personally supervised the post-invasion "normalization" of the country. Junior Lt. --I // i, 49, . From handmade pieces to vintage treasures ready to be loved again, Etsy is the global marketplace for unique and creative goods. Why would high-ranking officers wear a helmet exhibiting their rank near the enemy? Take full advantage of our site features by enabling JavaScript. The rank insignia was now also seen on epaulettes: black on-duty dresses and dark blue and gold on all full and ceremonial dresses for the fleet forces, with air force blue borders for the aviation branch and red borders for the coastal defense and naval infantry branch. Rear-Admiral Naval Officers Responsibility for personnel, equipment and mission grows with each advancement. cap Military rank is a badge of leadership. HONOR GUARD (usually (usually mustered for arrival of Chiefs of State) None of them were ranked officials, they were all civilians, however some were alleged to have family ties with members of the FIS or former members of the KGB. serv c'eer dr oved Foe l I 999/08 Xme :IA-RDP78- i 00040 36fl OFFICERS: DRESS/SEMI-DRESS NAVAL AIR FORCE AND SHORE BASED PERSONNEL (AII ranks not shown) Marshals and General officers shoulderboards have piping, other ranks have only longitudinal stripes colored according to their branch of service. [3][pageneeded]. Monument to "victims" of KGB operations in Vilnius, Lithuania. Military Schools Stack Exchange network consists of 181 Q&A communities including Stack Overflow, the largest, most trusted online community for developers to learn, share their knowledge, and build their careers. Students of Suvorov The NKVD's first US operation was establishing the legal residency of Boris Bazarov and the illegal residency of Iskhak Akhmerov in 1934. subject. Do roots of these polynomials approach the negative of the Euler-Mascheroni constant? Summer: service Did any DOS compatibility layers exist for any UNIX-like systems before DOS started to become outmoded? master and veterinary services in which case it is silver. Adjunct professor, Virginia Military Institute, Lexington, Virginia. In March 1956, general officers' stars were changed to gold. While the first three later took their course of development, the Bulgarians remain under the influence of the Russian and the (post-)Soviet tradition until recently. $32.00, $40.00 (in Russian), , (1973). Sgt.-Major, Infantry (extended enlistment) Senior Sgt., Air Force Fill out the requested information. The thwarted coup d'tat ended the KGB on 6 November 1991. I'm asking after watching the TV-show "The Americans", which got me thinking about the likely rank (if any) of Elizabeth and Philip. Curiously, the initial draft of the new rank system submitted by People's Commissar of Defence Marshal Voroshilov was more in line with Russian military tradition. Rank insignia of Yefreytor of the KGB Border Troops (1980).png 89 242; 28 KB. While most of the KGB archives remain classified, two on-line documentary sources are available. 2-3. 3 Oleg Vladimirovich Penkovsky. Soviet Military, I Original Price $80.00 Ranks and insignia[ edit] The following is a table ranks of the armed forces of the Russian Federation. 25-45. (in Russian)( , - . Get a Britannica Premium subscription and gain access to exclusive content. Romania retained the Soviet-based system of ranks until the 1989 revolution. Ukase of presidium of the Supreme Council of the USSR about organization of committee for State Security at the Council of Ministers of the USSR. [9], In the late Cold War, the KGB was successful with intelligence coups in the cases of the mercenary walk-in recruits FBI counterspy Robert Hanssen (19792001) and CIA Soviet Division officer Aldrich Ames (1985-1994).[10]. The last major illegal resident, Rudolf Abel ("Willie" Vilyam Fisher), was betrayed by his assistant, Reino Hyhnen, in 1957. Soviet intelligences officers carried "Army"-like ranks. Militia: Some as for dress/semi-dress. SOVIET COLLAR TABS, SLEEVE PATCHES, BRANCH INSIGNIA. KGB, Russian in full Komitet Gosudarstvennoy Bezopasnosti, English Committee for State Security, foreign intelligence and domestic security agency of the Soviet Union. BELARUS KGB R834. This position of respect is held by KGB's long time veterans that have made a major contribution to the organization as a whole. In Africa, pro-Soviet regimes in Burkina Faso (under Thomas Sankara) and Mozambique (under Samora Machel) used Soviet-style insignia but abandoned them when political trends changed. M 1943.png 136 360; 118 KB. The ranks and rank insignia of the Soviet Army between 1955 and 1991 were distinguished by the reorganisation of the Soviet armed forces after the death of Stalin, resulting in changes to ranks, insignia, and uniforms. Private, Military Construction Etsys 100% renewable electricity commitment includes the electricity used by the data centers that host Etsy.com, the Sell on Etsy app, and the Etsy app, as well as the electricity that powers Etsys global offices and employees working remotely from home in the US. Among the victims were more than half the members of the ruling Central Committee (the Communist Partys highest organ) as well as the NKVDs first two chiefs, Genrikh Yagoda and Nikolay Yezhov. Military Transportation Anything that would help them blend in and not get noticed, really. A series of trials and executions continuing into 1956 eliminated a number of his senior associates. $18.00. This handbook has been compiled from the latest Soviet sources Army, Air Force, Border Guard and KGB: Background either of gold or silver NOTE: MILITIA OFFICERS always wear shoulderboards of silver thread background with red longitudinal stripes and pi ing. During this period the OGPU also conducted covert operations on foreign soil to disrupt the activities of the regimes opponents, some of whom it kidnapped and murdered. motorized infantry troops red (scarlet); artillery, rocket, tank, engineering, construction, automobile, railway troops, signal-corps, troops of radiation, chemical and biological protection black; air force and airborne troops sky blue; state security troops (KGB troops) dark blue, instead of the letters "" (, internal troops (Interior Ministry troops) crimson (dark red), instead of the letters "" (, border troops green, instead of the letters ". DRESS/SEMI-DRESS, SERVICE AND COMBAT After discussing this question with my deputies, we conclude that our army needs to have the same number of General ranks as it was in the Tsarist army and as it exists in other European armies such as German, French and British. Yugoslavia abandoned the Soviet-style insignia in 1951, following the breakaway from Stalin's block; other countries quickly reverted to previous designs shortly after Stalin's death (19561958). Later in 1943, the ranks of Marshal and Chief Marshal of a service branch were introduced in aviation, artillery, communications troops, and armored troops; both equivalent to General of the Army. Captain Air Force SOVIET COLLAR TABS SCT1.Enlisted.Black felt collar tabs for tunic. The legal resident would be a member of the consular staff, thus having diplomatic immunity, and the illegal resident would be as difficult to connect with the KGB as possible. Our editors will review what youve submitted and determine whether to revise the article. Approved Fo ` bt%dg*e1999/08/24 # Military rank insignia of the KGB (1943) (44 F) Military rank insignia of the KGB (changes 1945-1946) (14 F) Military rank insignia of the KGB (1955-1957) (1 C, 2 F) dress and service DRESS/SEMI-DRESS Some examples: As for illegal resident spies, the KGB's tendency to recruit locals is almost as old as the agency itself. The Soviet influence on the rank and insignia of other countries reached the apex after WW2 when most countries of East Europe changed their traditional insignia to the Soviet design. [7] Moreover, when Whittaker Chambers, formerly Alger Hiss's courier, approached the Roosevelt Governmentto identify the Soviet spies Duggan, White, and othershe was ignored. The only exceptions were the use of the ranks of Marshal of Aviation and Chief Marshal of Aviation, which replaced the rank of General of the Army until the latter became the highest officer rank in 1993. fleet head uarters) The ranks and rank insignia of the Soviet Army between 1955 and 1991 were distinguished by the reorganisation of the Soviet armed forces after the death of Stalin, resulting in changes to ranks, insignia, and uniforms. OFFICERS For faster navigation, . Guard and KGB: Background is olive drab. During the Cold War, the KGB actively sought to combat "ideological subversion"anti-communist political and religious ideas and the dissidents who promoted them, which was generally dealt with as a matter of national security in discouraging influence of hostile foreign powers. dress and service Moreover, KGB counter-intelligence vetted foreign intelligence sources, so that the moles might "officially" approve an anti-CIA double agent as trustworthy. 16 ILLUSTRATED HANDBOOK Methods of KGB activities. Eligible for promotion to private first class after 4 months time in rank and 12 months . Rank stripes are red. We find it necessary to join the military ranks of komdiv and komcor into a single Lieutenant General rank, and to similarly join the military ranks of komandarm 2nd rank and komandarm 1st rank into a single rank of General of the Infantry (artillery, cavalry, aviation, armored troops, etc.). Soviet espionage succeeded most in collecting scientific and technologic intelligence about advances in jet propulsion, radar, and encryption, which impressed Moscow, but stealing atomic secrets was the capstone of NKVD espionage against AngloAmerican science and technology.
+43 650 4114540