Hidden Brain (podcast) - Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam - Listen Notes And you've conducted experiments that explore how different conceptions of time in different languages shape the way we think about the world and shape the way we think about stories. VEDANTAM: Jennifer moved to Japan for graduate school. So I think that nobody would say that they don't think language should change. Because it was. When she was 12, her family came to the United States from the Soviet Union. And maybe the convenience store or the shop is really not that far away. If you take literally in what we can think of as its earliest meaning, the earliest meaning known to us is by the letter. A brief history of relationship research in social psychology, by Harry T. Reis, in Handbook of the History of Social Psychology, 2011. So we did an analysis of images in Artstor. VEDANTAM: Lera Boroditsky is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. Hidden Brain: You 2.0: Cultivating Your Purpose on Apple Podcasts BORODITSKY: Yeah. In this month's Radio Replay, we ask whether the structure of the languages we speak can change the way we see the world. Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, by Amy Edmondson, Administrative Science Quarterly, 1999. VEDANTAM: Our conversation made me wonder about what this means on a larger scale. Dictionaries are wonderful things, but they create an illusion that there's such thing as a language that stands still, when really it's the nature of human language to change. And the answer should be, north, northeast in the far distance; how about you? Those sorts things tend to start with women. The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. And dead languages never change, and some of us might prefer those. That said, if you hear one or two pieces of music that you really love, feel free to email us at [emailprotected] and well do our best to respond to your request. And so for example, if the word chair is masculine in your language, why is that? As someone who works in media, I often find that people who can write well are often people who know how to think well, so I often equate clarity of writing with clarity of thought. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out Having a sense of purpose can be a buffer against the challenges we all face at various stages of life. So there are these wonderful studies by Alexander Giora where he asked kids learning Finnish, English and Hebrew as their first languages basically, are you a boy or a girl? BORODITSKY: The way to say my name properly in Russian is (speaking foreign language), so I don't make people say that. Lera said there's still a lot of research to be done on this. John, you've noted that humans have been using language for a very long time, but for most of that time language has been about talking. They often feel angry about it, and you think this anger is actually telling. But is that true when it comes to the pursuit of happiness? If the language stayed the way it was, it would be like a pressed flower in a book or, as I say, I think it would be like some inflatable doll rather than a person. And you can even teach people to have a little bit of fun with the artifice. But might we allow that there's probably a part of all human beings that wants to look down on somebody else. The size of this effect really quite surprised me because I would have thought at the outset that, you know, artists are these iconoclasts. If a transcript is available, youll see a Transcript button which expands to reveal the full transcript. They're more likely to see through this little game that language has played on them. She once visited an aboriginal community in northern Australia and found the language they spoke forced her mind to work in new ways. But as Bob Cialdini set out to discover the keys to influence and persuasion, he decided to follow the instincts of his childhood. And as soon as I saw that happen, I thought, oh, this makes it so much easier. How big are the differences that we're talking about, and how big do you think the implications are for the way we see the world? Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. GEACONE-CRUZ: It's a Sunday afternoon, and it's raining outside. My big fat greek wedding, an american woman of greek ancestry falls in love with a very vanilla, american man. It can be almost counterintuitive to listen to how much giggling and laughing you do in ordinary - actually rather plain exchanges with people. MCWHORTER: Oh, yeah, I'm a human being. (SOUNDBITE OF TV SHOW, "PARKS AND RECREATION"). But it is a completely crucial part of the human experience. You can run experiments in a lab or survey people on the street. (Speaking Japanese). In the United States, we often praise people with strong convictions, and look down on those who express doubt or hesitation. VEDANTAM: If languages are shaped by the way people see the world, but they also shape how people see the world, what does this mean for people who are bilingual? to describe the world. Hidden Brain - Google Podcasts But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy thats all around us. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Think Again: The Power of Knowing What You Dont Know, Refusing to Apologize can have Psychological Benefits, The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, Social Functionalist Frameworks for Judgment and Choice: Intuitive Politicians, Theologians, and Prosecutors, Psychological Safety and Learning Behavior in Work Teams, The Effective Negotiator Part 1: The Behavior of Successful Negotiators, The Effective Negotiator Part 2: Planning for Negotiations, Read the latest from the Hidden Brain Newsletter. In this favorite episode from 2021, Cornell University psychologist Anthony Burrow explains why purpose isnt something to be found its somethi, It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. in your textbooks but when you're hanging out with friends. Researcher Elizabeth Dunn helps us map out the unexpected ways we can find joy and happiness in our everyday lives. These relationships can help you feel cared for and connected. 00:51:58 - We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. SHANKAR VEDANTAM, HOST:This is HIDDEN BRAIN. BORODITSKY: Yeah, that's true. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. BORODITSKY: Well, there may not be a word for left to refer to a left leg. It should just be, here is the natural way, then there's some things that you're supposed to do in public because that's the way it is, whether it's fair or not. MCWHORTER: Yeah. MCWHORTER: Yeah, I really do. VEDANTAM: Still don't have a clear picture? And it ended up becoming less a direct reflection of hearty laughter than an indication of the kind of almost subconscious laughter that we do in any kind of conversation that's meant as friendly. BORODITSKY: Yeah. And it sounds a little bit abrupt and grabby like you're going to get something instead of being given. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. He's a professor of English and comparative literature at Columbia University and the author of the book "Words On The Move: Why English Won't - And Can't - Sit Still (Like, Literally).". No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. BORODITSKY: So quite literally, to get past hello, you have to know which way you're heading. Today in our Happiness 2.0 series, we revisit a favorite episode from 2020. But what if it's not even about lust? June 20, 2020 This week on Hidden Brain, research about prejudices so deeply buried, we often doubt their existence. You know, endings are going to tend to drop off. Just saying hello was difficult. VEDANTAM: It took just one week of living in Japan for Jennifer to pick up an important, VEDANTAM: There isn't a straightforward translation of this phrase in English. The phrase brings an entire world with it - its context, its flavor, its culture. VEDANTAM: In the English-speaking world, she goes by Lera Boroditsky. So it's, VEDANTAM: The moment she heard it, Jennifer realized mendokusai was incredibly. Persuasion: Part 1 - Transcripts I think it's a really fascinating question for future research. Bu People do need to be taught what the socially acceptable forms are. I just don't want to do it. VEDANTAM: There are phrases in every language that are deeply evocative and often, untranslatable. That kind of detail may not appear. How come you aren't exactly the way you were 10 years ago? BORODITSKY: Actually, one of the first people to notice or suggest that this might be the case was a Russian linguist, Roman Jakobson. Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, by Peter A. Caprariello and Harry T. Reis, Social Psychological and Personality Science, 2011. Subscribe to the Hidden Brain Podcast on your favorite podcast player so you never miss an episode. BORODITSKY: That's a wonderful question. Interpersonal Chemistry: What Is It, How Does It Emerge, and How Does it Operate? They are ways of seeing the world. I said, you know, this weird thing happened. But, if you dig a little deeper, you may find that they share much more: they might make the same amount of money as you, or share the, We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. And why do some social movements take off and spread, while others fizzle? You can support Hidden Brain indirectly by giving to your local NPR station, or you can provide direct support to Hidden Brain by making a gift on our Patreon page. So what happens is that once literally comes to feel like it means really, people start using it in figurative constructions such as I was literally dying of thirst. People who breathe too much put their bodies in a hypoxic state, with not enough oxygen to the brain How breath moves in the body: air comes in through the nose and mouth; the larynx (rigid tube to avoid closing) brings air from the nose and mouth to the lungs Lungs can expand and contract to bring in or expel air That's because change is hard. Hidden Brain Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our choices and direct our relationships. Newsletter: Go behind the scenes, see what Shankar is reading and find more useful resources and links. Podcasters use the RadioPublic listener relationship platform to build lasting connections with fans. There are signs it's getting even harder. 4.62. But I find that people now usually use the word to mean very soon, as in we're going to board the plane momentarily. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. by Harry T. Reis, Annie Regan, and Sonja Lyubomirsky, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2021. We're speaking today with cognitive science professor Lera Boroditsky about language. I'm Shankar Vedantam. And so somebody will say, well, who was it who you thought was going to give you this present? So for example, you might not imagine the color shirt that he's wearing or the kinds of shoes that he's wearing. This week, we kick off a month-long series we're calling Happiness 2.0. This takes kids a little while to figure out, and he had all kinds of clever ways to ask these questions. So new words are as likely to evolve as old ones. Those are quirks of grammar literally in stone. VEDANTAM: This episode of HIDDEN BRAIN was produced by Rhaina Cohen, Maggie Penman and Thomas Lu with help from Renee Klahr, Jenny Schmidt, Parth Shah and Chloe Connelly. We all have to make certain choices in life, such as where to live and how to earn a living. GEACONE-CRUZ: And I ended up living there for 10 years. VEDANTAM: I'm Shankar Vedantam. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where. But it's a lovely example of how language can guide you to discover something about the world that might take you longer to discover if you didn't have that information in language. If you prefer to listen through a podcast app, here are links to our podcast on Apple, Spotify, and Stitcher. If you're just joining us, I'm talking to John McWhorter. MCWHORTER: Language is a parade, and nobody sits at a parade wishing that everybody would stand still. So the way you say hi in Kuuk Thaayorre is to say, which way are you heading? Languages are not just tools to describe the world. For more of our Relationships 2.0 series, check out one of our most popular episodes ever about why marriages are so hard. For more on decision-making, check out our episode on how to make wiser choices. Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, by Harry Reis, Edward P. Lemay Jr, and Catrin Finkenauer, Social and Personality Psychology Compass, 2017. That was somehow a dad's fashion, and that I should start wearing flat-fronted pants. We love the idea of Hidden Brain helping to spark discussions in your community. You know, I was trying to stay oriented because people were treating me like I was pretty stupid for not being oriented, and that hurt. So it's easy to think, oh, I could imagine someone without thinking explicitly about what they're wearing. Newer episodes are unlikely to have a transcript as it takes us a few weeks to process and edit each transcript. VEDANTAM: Would it be possible to use what we have learned about how words and languages evolve to potentially write what a dictionary might look like in 50 years or a hundred years? But they can also steer us in directions that leave us deeply unsatisfied. It's not necessarily may I please have, but may I have, I'll have, but not can I get a. I find it just vulgar for reasons that as you can see I can't even do what I would call defending. al (Eds. You 2.0: How to Open Your Mind | Hidden Brain Media Hidden Brain Hidden Brain, Shankar Vedantam Subscribe Visit website Shankar Vedantam uses science and storytelling to reveal the unconscious patterns that drive human behavior, shape our. This week, a story about a con with a twist. VEDANTAM: I understand that if you're in a picnic with someone from this community and you notice an ant climbing up someone's left leg, it wouldn't make a lot of sense to tell that person, look, there's an ant on your left leg. It turns out, as you point out, that in common usage, literally literally means the opposite of literally. All episodes of Hidden Brain - Chartable Hidden Brain Episodes Happiness 2.0: The Reset Button Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. You can search for the episode or browse all episodes on our Archive Page. Well never sell your personal information. VEDANTAM: Around the world, we often hear that many languages are dying, and there are a few megalanguages that are growing and expanding in all kinds of ways. VEDANTAM: How the languages we speak shape the way we think and why the words we use are always in flux. And so for me, that question was born in that conversation of are there some languages where it's easier to imagine a person without their characteristics of gender filled in? You know, it's Lady Liberty and Lady Justice. This week, in the final . Updated privacy policy: We have made some changes to our Privacy Policy. It's natural to want to run away from difficult emotions such as grief, anger and fear. - you would have to say something like, my arm got broken, or it so happened to me that my arm is broken. No matter how hard you try to feel happier, you end up back where you started. Does Legal Education Have Undermining Effects on Law Students? If you're bilingual or multilingual, you may have noticed that different languages make you stretch in different ways. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Our transcripts are provided by various partners and may contain errors or deviate slightly from the audio. VEDANTAM: For more HIDDEN BRAIN, you can find us on Facebook and Twitter. Copyright Hidden Brain Media | Privacy Policy, Freely Determined: What the New Psychology of the Self Teaches Us About How to Live, Going the Distance on the Pacific Crest Trail: The Vital Role of Identified Motivation, Athletic Scholarships are Negatively Associated with Intrinsic Motivation for Sports, Even Decades Later: Evidence for Long-Term Undermining, Rightly Crossing the Rubicon: Evaluating Goal Self-Concordance Prior to Selection Helps People Choose More Intrinsic Goals, What Makes Lawyers Happy? Let's start with the word literally. The Effects of Conflict Types, Dimensions, and Emergent States on Group Outcomes, by Karen Jehn et. But does a person who says that really deserve the kind of sneering condemnation that you often see? Follow on Apple, Google or Spotify. Sometimes, life can feel like being stuck on a treadmill. VEDANTAM: As someone who spends a lot of his time listening to language evolve, John hears a lot of slang. Imagine this. But I don't think that it's always clear to us that language has to change in that things are going to come in that we're going to hear as intrusions or as irritating or as mistakes, despite the fact that that's how you get from, say, old Persian to modern Persian. Lera is a cognitive science professor at the University of California, San Diego. UNIDENTIFIED PERSON #6: (Speaking foreign language). UNIDENTIFIED WOMAN #3: (Speaking foreign language). MCWHORTER: No, because LOL was an expression; it was a piece of language, and so you knew that its meaning was going to change. If you, grew up speaking a language other than English, you probably reach for words in your. There's not a bigger difference you could find than 100 percent of the measurement space. Relationships 2.0: What Makes Relationships Thrive | Hidden Brain Media Purpose can also boost our health and longevity. So they've compared gender equality, gender parity norms from the World Health Organization, which ranks countries on how equal access to education, how equal pay is, how equal representation in government is across the genders. It's never going to. And what we find is that if you teach people that forks go with men grammatically in a language, they start to think of forks as being more masculine. And it's not just about how we think about time. Hidden Brain Host Explains Why We Lie to Ourselves Every Day We always knew that certain species of animals had abilities to orient that we thought were better than human, and we always had some biological excuse for why we couldn't do it. How to Foster Perceived Partner Responsiveness: High-Quality LIstening is Key, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Scale (PPRS), Toward Understanding Understanding:The Importance of Feeling Understood in Relationships, Perceived Responses to Capitalization Attempts are Influenced by Self-Esteem and Relationship Threat, Perceived Partner Responsiveness Minimizes Defensive Reactions to Failure, Assessing the Seeds of Relationship Decay: Using Implicit Evaluations to Detect the Early Stages of Disillusionment. Listen on the Reuters app. Many of us rush through our lives, chasing goals and just trying to get everything done. Writing has come along relatively recently. They give us a sense that the meanings of words are fixed, when in fact they're not. And as odd as that sounds, I can guarantee you if you watch any TV show with women under a certain age or if you just go out on an American street and listen, you'll find that that's a new kind of exclamatory particle. Elon Musk's brain chips, starvation in Somalia and Greek anguish The authoritative record of NPRs programming is the audio record. VEDANTAM: If you're bilingual or you're learning a new language, you get what Jennifer, experienced - the joy of discovering a phrase that helps you perfectly encapsulate a. feeling or an experience. And you can just - it rolls off the tongue, and you can just throw it out. But that can blind us to a very simple source of joy that's all around us. But what we should teach is not that the good way is logical and the way that you're comfortable doing it is illogical. But what happens when these feelings catch up with us? This week, we launch the first of a two-part mini-series on the scie, If you think about the people in your life, it's likely that they share a lot in common with you. It is a great, free way to engage the podcast community and increase the visibility of your podcasts. So in English, I might say that Sam (ph) broke the flute. So you can't know how the words are going to come out, but you can take good guesses. And so he suggested it might be the case that the arbitrarily assigned grammatical genders are actually changing the way people think about these days of the week and maybe all kinds of other things that are named by nouns. The only question was in which way. BORODITSKY: Well, I think it's a terrible tragedy. BORODITSKY: One thing that we've noticed is this idea of time, of course, is very highly constructed by our minds and our brains.
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